Cancer is a broad term which covers several conditions characterised by uncontrolled cellular proliferation mainly due to genetic mutations. There are several biological modifications in cancer that drive the transformation of normal cells to a tumour which are recognised as cancer cell ‘Hallmarks’. One of the most aggressive types of cancer is glioblastoma multiforme – a heterogeneous brain tumour – with a mean progression-free survival period of approximately six months. Presently, glioblastoma is considered an incurable type of cancers and the current management scheme is multimodal, which includes surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Therefore, scientists are studying new patterns and mechanisms to suppress glioblastoma multiforme; one of which is through interrupting the signalling pathway in tumour cells which may result in antagonising specific cancer cell Hallmark(s). However, one of the prominent pathways driving the tumour cell signalling responses, which is showing a significant effect on cancer Hallmarks, is the Nuclear Factor Kappa-B (NF-κB) pathway which involves a number of proteins controlling various biological responses.

Cancer is a broad term which covers several conditions characterised by uncontrolled cellular proliferation mainly due to genetic mutations. There are several biological modifications in cancer that drive the transformation of normal cells to a tumour which are recognised as cancer cell ‘Hall...