Objective: In present study, we investigated whether there is any connection between smoking and sublingual varices in the older population. Methods: This case-control study was conducted on older adults over 65 years old at Kahrizak Charity nursing home of Alborz in 2019. Clinical examination and inspection of 222 elderly was conducted. Sublingual varices were classified into two categories: grade 0: few or none visible and grade 1: moderate or severe. The case group included patients with sublingual varices and the control group consisted of those older adults (a) without sublingual varices and (b) who were matched with the case group based on age, gender, blood pressure, denture wearing and varicose veins in their legs. Cigarette smoking habits were investigated in both groups. The criteria for being smokers was to smoke at least one cigarette per day for more than six months. Chi-square and odds ratio were used to statistically analyze the exposure of participants to smoking in both groups. Results: The study was conducted on those with sublingual varices (experiment group, n=111) and those without sublingual varices (control group, n=111). 21.6% and 5.4% of the participants were smokers in the case and control groups, respectively. The results of the conducted analysis of our data revealed that SLV was significantly associated with smoking (P value<0.001, OR=4). Conclusion: The data suggests that elderly with sublingual varices are more likely to be cigarette smokers. Therefore, cigarette smoking cessation programs are recommended for older adults in society.

Objective: In present study, we investigated whether there is any connection between smoking and sublingual varices in the older population. Methods: This case-control study was conducted on older adults over 65 years old at Kahrizak Charity nursing home of Alborz in 2019. Clinical examination and ...