In May 2018, the consequences of being highly dependent on highway transportation modal in Brazil became evident. The worst strike in Brazilian history took place, which caused a shortage of food, general supplies, oil, medicines, across the country, due to the nationwide paralysis of roads provoked by the increase of the diesel prices, and consequent truck drivers' strike, causing an unprecedented shortage crisis in the recent history. This article investigated the railway transport in Brazil, in comparison to other modals of cargo transportation, as a solution to avoid the massive dependence on the highway modal. Key findings pointed out the necessity for network expansion, processes improvement, new technologies adoption, among others. The research results were attained through a multiple-methods approach, such as a descriptive case study and extensive archival research. This investigation is useful for managers, railway agents, decision-makers, students, academics, and overall practitioners. Analysis and discussion comprise the present work.

In May 2018, the consequences of being highly dependent on highway transportation modal in Brazil became evident. The worst strike in Brazilian history took place, which caused a shortage of food, general supplies, oil, medicines, across the country, due to the nationwide paralysis of roads provok...