Oman is classified as an arid country with internal. Surface water resources are scarce, with evaporation rates higher than annual rainfall. Studies indicate that there is, at least, a shortage of over 300 million cubic meters of water each year between replenishment and demand. His Majesty has already spelt out the dangers of ignoring the water problem, saying, in 1991, “The use of this vital resource throughout the world can have a great impact on future development strategies, and indeed could become a decisive factor in political tension and thus world security”. Moreover, Oman population is expected to increase dramatically between now and the year 2025 – putting more pressure on water resources, as well as increasing production of wastewater. Hence, water reuse has almost become necessary for conserving and extending available water supplies. On December 2002, Oman wastewater Services Company (Haya Water) was established to build and operate a world class wastewater collection and treatment system in the Governorate of Muscat, under a concession agreement with the Government of the Sultanate of Oman. As part of its core business, Haya therefore produces Treated Effluent from the various sewage treatment plants of the Muscat Governorate. HAYA’s sewage treatment plants currently generate an average volume of 75,000 m3 / day of Treated Effluent, which will rise to 171,135 m3 /day by 2025 when the wastewater infrastructure is complete. This infrastructure includes a TE distribution system with pumping stations, delivery pipes, tanker filling stations and a telemetry system, allowing bulk distribution of TE to large users such as road landscaping, golf course, agricultural irrigation, industrial reuse, aquifer recharge and potable reuse. It is expected that Haya’s treated effluent will cover 290 km around Muscat governorate that will serve different purpose. Utilizing treated effluent as an alternative source of potable water will reduce the consumption of fresh water as well as increasing the greenery area.

Oman is classified as an arid country with internal. Surface water resources are scarce, with evaporation rates higher than annual rainfall. Studies indicate that there is, at least, a shortage of over 300 million cubic meters of water each year between replenishment and demand. His Majesty has alre...